1) What were the original names of the Dark Generals?  Did they ever
say?  (This is a manga question, BTW, I know they didn't say in the
anime.)

2) What were a few of Jadeites least silly ploys?  I went back to start
watching the first season (recorded DIC from TV) but the taped marked
"Sailor Moon tape 1" was for at the start of the second arc of R (that
never got done) which means that I must have borrowed the recordings of
the first season from a friend who has since recorded over them.

"Least silly?"  I don't know about that.  Apart from the love boat
cruise, all the critters were pretty silly.  


3) Who were the carriers of the Rainbow crystals?  Names, if you can
find them, and brief description, please.  I know that there was the
painter lady, Ryo Urawa, the priest and... geeze, that's all I know.
Also, in all, were there 7 or 8 or some other number?

Seven.  Arcade game player, painter, Urawa, priest, cat, Rei's 
grandfather, and Sneezy.  And one reason I never wrote my Sailor Moon
fanfic was because I never could find out their names.  


4) I need a suggestion for a name for elder Mars.  Preferably Japanese
and not overused in fics/anime in general.  Otherwise we're going to end
up with something cutsie (I don't trust myself on this one).

Why don't you be subtle and call her "Mari".


5) I'm getting ahead of myself here, but what were the Cardians from R
(arc 1) called in the Japanese?

Don't quote me on this, but I think they might have been called 
Cardians.  

Incidentally, I can't think of a darn reason why Usagi can't retire
from superheroing right now.  Let Serenity do it.